Bishop was later arrested and executed by members of the People's Revolutionary Army (PRA), which was used to justify a U.S.-led invasion in October 1983. In March 1979, the Marxist–Leninist New Jewel Movement overthrew Gairy's government in a bloodless coup d'état and established the People's Revolutionary Government (PRG), headed by Maurice Bishop as prime minister. The new country became a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, with Queen Elizabeth II as head of state and is currently headed by King Charles III, King of Grenada. Independence was granted on 7 February 1974 under the leadership of Eric Gairy, who became the first prime minister of Grenada of the sovereign state. However, on 3 March 1967, it was granted full autonomy over its internal affairs as an Associated State, and from 1958 to 1962 Grenada was part of the Federation of the West Indies, a short-lived federation of British West Indian colonies. British rule continued until 1974 (except for a brief French takeover between 17).
On 10 February 1763, Grenada was ceded to the British under the Treaty of Paris. Following several unsuccessful attempts by Europeans to colonise the island due to resistance from resident Island Caribs, French settlement and colonisation began in 1649 and continued for the next century. Christopher Columbus sighted Grenada in 1498 during his third voyage to the Americas.
ġ2☀7′N 61☄0′W / 12.117°N 61.667°W / 12.117 -61.667īefore the arrival of Europeans in the Americas, Grenada was inhabited by the indigenous peoples from South America. Grenada is also known as the "Island of Spice" due to its production of nutmeg and mace crops. Its size is 348.5 square kilometres (134.6 sq mi), and it had an estimated population of 124,523 in July 2021. It is located northwest of Trinidad and Tobago, northeast of Venezuela and southwest of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Grenada consists of the island of Grenada itself, two smaller islands, Carriacou and Petite Martinique, and several small islands which lie to the north of the main island and are a part of the Grenadines. Grenada ( / ɡ r ə ˈ n eɪ d ə/ ( listen) grə- NAY-də Grenadian Creole French: Gwenad / ɡ w i ˈ n aɪ d/) is an island country in the West Indies in the Caribbean Sea at the southern end of the Grenadines island chain.
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